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HISTOLOGY REVIEW FOR LYMPHOID TISSUE

1. The stroma is made up of C.T. fibroblasts or connective tissue reticular cells and associated reticular fibers in all of the following EXCEPT:

  1. Lymph nodes.
  2. Thymus.
  3. Bone marrow.
  4. Spleen.
  5. Peyer's Patches.

2. Which lymphoid tissue or organ is NOT paired with the appropriate diagnostic feature?

  1. Thymus : Hassall's corpuscle.
  2. Spleen : Marginal zone.
  3. Peyer's patches : Afferent lymphatic vessels.
  4. Pharyngeal tonsil : Overlying epithelium is ciliated, pseudostratified columnar.
  5. Lymph node : Medullary sinuses.

3. Concerning the thymus:

  1. The cortical capillaries are discontinuous and lack a distinct basal lamina.
  2. Numerous afferent lymphatics empty into the subcapsular sinus.
  3. The reticular stroma stains with silver salts.
  4. The Hassall's corpuscles are made up of concentrically arranged epithelial cells.
  5. Most of the lymphocytes generated in the outer cortex ultimately leave the thymus and populate the T-cell-dependent regions of the peripheral lymphoid structures.

4. Which of the following statements regarding lymphocyte circulation is INCORRECT?

  1. Both T and B cells are found in the peripheral blood.
  2. Lymphocytes exit lymph nodes primarily via efferent lymphatics at the hilus.
  3. Blood-borne lymphocytes enter lymph nodes via high endothelial, post-capillary venules.
  4. Lymphocytes populate the white pulp of the spleen by exiting small blood vessels in the marginal zone.
  5. Lymphocytes enter the lingual tonsil via afferent lymphatics.

5. Which of the following lymphoid structures does NOT normally contain germinal centers?

  1. Spleen.
  2. Thymus.
  3. Lymph node.
  4. Tonsil.
  5. Appendix.

6. Accumulations of B lymphocytes can normally be found in all of the following areas EXCEPT:

  1. Red bone marrow.
  2. Germinal center in the palatine tonsil.
  3. Primary nodule in Peyer's Patch.
  4. Immediately surrounding the central artery in the white pulp of the spleen.
  5. Medullary cords of a lymph node.

SOME GENERAL QUESTIONS

7. Describe an important structural difference between lymph nodes and lymph nodules.

8. Describe an important functional distinction between the thymic cortex and the thymic medulla.

9. Why do germinal centers appear as lighter-stained regions within a darker-stained lymphoid nodule?

MATCHING

  1. Peyer's patch.
  2. Lingual tonsil.
  3. Palatine tonsil.
  4. Spleen.
  5. Appendix.

10. Partially encapsulated aggregation of lymphoid nodules associated with underlying salivary glands.

11. Unencapsulated aggregation of lymphoid nodules in ileum.

12. Responsible for the destruction and phagocytosis of old and defective erythrocytes.

MICROSCOPIC IDENTIFICATIONS

13. A. Identify the organ. B. In general terms, what is this space?

14. A. Identify the cells. B. Identify the structure. C. Identify the structure.

15. A. Identify the organ. B. Identify the area. C. Identify the area. D. What is the predominant cell type in the area in (C)?

16. Lymphoid organ of some sort. A. What are the dark dots? B. What is their principal biochemical component? C. How do you know that this micrograph could NOT have been made from the thymus?

17. A. Identify the organ. B. What normally fills this space? C. Identify the region. D. What is the predominant cell type here? E. What is their principal product? F. How did the material in space 'B' get there (i.e. where was it, just before arriving there)? G. Where is it headed next?

18. Low- and high-magnification views. A. Identify the organ. B. Identify the region. C. What is normally contained within the region in (B)? D. What is the space?

19. Low- and high-power views. A. Identify the organ. B. Identify the dark region. C. Identify the indicated cells in the high-magnification view.

20. Low- and high-magnification views of an organ. A. Identify the vessel, which was found deep in this organ. B. What region of the organ normally contains such vessels?

21. Four views of the same organ. A. Identify the area. B. Identify the area. C. Identify the vessel. D. Identify the area. E. Identify the vessel. F. Identify the cells. G. What is the function of the cells in (F)? H. What is the brown pigment in the little globules in these cells?

22. Spleen. A. What is the name of this type of blood vessel? B. What is this erythrocyte doing? C. Why can't this process take place at conventional venules? D. What is the erythrocyte's average lifespan? E. What happens at the end of that time?

23. Low- and high-magnification views of a lymph node. A. What is the relationship between the cells and the fibers in this organ? B. Compare it with the relationship between the cells and the fibers of the thymus. C. What is the biochemical composition of the fibers?

24. Rat lung, low- and high-magnification views. Identify the region.

25. Stomach, low- and high-magnification views. Identify the region.

26. Stomach/duodenal junction, low- and high-magnification views. Identify the region.

27. Low- and high-magnification views. A. Identify the organ. B. Identify the vessel. C. What is the immediate destination of the material in this vessel?

28. Two views of similar vessels in a lymph node. A. These are examples of what type of vessel? B. The indicated leukocyte appears to be embedded within the wall of the vessel. What's going on here?

29. Lymph node. Identify the cells.

30. Lymph node. A. Identify the cell. B. What is the relationship between such macrophages and the surrounding lymphocytes and plasma cells?

31. Small intestine (low, medium, high mag). A. Identify the structures. B. What is the function of the layer that covers these structures?

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